How Power Dependency and Player Personalities affect Cooperative Behaviors between Players

ABSTRACT

Most, if not all, multiplayer games have a huge imbalance of teamwork and individualism that contribute very highly to the player experience. This aims to aid in understanding the cooperation and player behavior within a cooperative multiplayer game known as “Gambit’s Gauntlet,” which was designed with this study in mind. Our primary focus is to examine how players in cooperative games can be affected by player behavior and Level Design that affects the balance of Power Dependency (Emerson, 1962) between players when working in a team and whether they can be affected by categorized cooperative sections between levels, team dynamics based on personality types and player skills. The game pushes and tests players on their tolerance for working as a team, and we aim to study this through our qualitative and quantitative tests that would involve analyzing gameplay recordings, surveys, and personality assessments. Our goal is to learn and observe patterns that can affect cooperation, frustration, conflict, and player motivation, which can be an insightful start to creating the perfect game environment by testing all these factors. We also learn about the elements required in cooperative gameplay and how cooperative gameplay can be hindered. We decided to look at Power Dependency, specifically Power Dependency Imbalances (Emerson, 1962) in a dyadic relationship or Cooperation. Our Methodology consists of pre and post-surveys to a playtest testing Power Imbalances and Power Dependency (Emerson, 1962) between unfamiliar participants via our Capstone Cooperative Game “Gambit’s Gauntlet.” The levels used for our playtest were designed to create a power imbalance between players to help us understand how unfamiliar players respond to each other and how they would react when switching the power dependency between them. These behaviors were measured via annotating play sessions by tracking Behavioral Markers (Farah et al. 2022) that we find during gameplay. This playtest had a total of 16 male participants, with ages ranging from 18-30, who were all based around the Boston area, with a mix of university students and young professionals from multiple cultural backgrounds. Thanks to our research and our playtest, we were able to find that power dependency Imbalance done via Level Design encourages communication and cooperative behaviors between players since they will take on the imbalance and accommodate each other for the sake of completing the common goal, which is beating a cooperative game that demands both their involvement and cooperation.

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How Power Dependency and Player Personalities affect Cooperative Behaviors between Players

Main role:

Main Researcher – Playtest Designer and Implementer – Data Scientist and Visualizer 

Responsibilities:

  • Throughout this research I was the main designer to come up with our playtest protocol and the ways we would gather data using mixed research methods.
  • I was the main coordinator of the playtest sessions.
  • I gathered data from recorded sessions, using feature engineering in game, recordings and mixed research methods.
  • I cleaned the data using R Studio and later visualized the found data using Tableau to better communicate findings for the sake of the research article and the next iteration of the game “Gambit’s Gauntlet”.